Research Proposal On Us Agricultural Crisis

I plan to compose my paper about the continuing rural issues that United States ranchers are confronting today, and how these issues are profoundly attached to the absence of radical, government-started change regardless of enactments which are advanced as rancher amicable government activities and how the over a wide span of time issues exacerbated into a predicament that presents the likelihood of enormous scope ranch business breakdown and horticultural end of the world, what Ikerd portrays as â€Å"the end of agribusiness, as we recollect it, in America† (2002).Thesis Farmers working in US ranches like John Reifsteck are giving exceptionally reassuring evaluation of the year's yields, ‘It’s been a decent reap on my homestead, and my neighbors have likewise progressed admirably' (2007). Others may give the equivalent indistinguishable examination when asked the equivalent question.But in spite of the irregular and arbitrary cases of balanced out or potentially improving cultivating incomes the nation over and promising turnout of the two harvests and deals in the market, the US horticulture overall has been reliably blasted by monetary and money related concerns which are cause principally by the absence of government activity that can secure the ranchers, their homesteads and their general business premiums from outside components past their control.At the finish of 2007, the 2007 United States Farm Bill, which proposes among others the kept sponsoring of neighborhood ranchers and their undertakings, confronted numerous pundits and reactions over what is by all accounts extended effect that in the end leads from the general premiums of ranchers on account of inner legislative issues and the appropriation apportioning nature of the bill which is like recently administered bills.With pundits on one side and compelling influence players on the opposite side, conventional ranchers are left unaffected and independent by the US government, sur rendered to endure a similar arrangement of cultivating related issues that white collar class ranchers are troubled with for about a century now.The vehicle that is intended to pipe government assets towards the necessities of ranchers in the US ought to be reexamined to check whether genuine activities are being never really ranch and cultivating related issues and simultaneously if the channels go straight towards its expected objective or pour in elsewhere so the administration can have a full evaluation of the extent of the issue and from that point take helpful activities to fix the disintegrating US agrarian funnel line. Supporting Arguments I. Disappointment of ranchers to encounter financial improvement during the twentieth century A.The financial downturn of American ranchers happening from 1920 to 1940 and rehashing on 1952 until 1972. B. The finish of the Golden Age of Agriculture in 1900. C. The food blacklists during 1973 II. Restricted Government activity on agrarian and ranch related issues A. Slow order of agribusiness related enactment B. Immense holes in years to alter existing farming laws C. Constrained assets distributed by the legislature for food and horticulture III. Contentions encompassing the 2002 US Farm Bill A. Seen attributes that conflict with World Trade Organization understandings. B.Threat of overproduction because of the order of the enactment into law. C. Effect of Subsidy on showcase costs D. Job of overproduced corn in the spread of e coli IV. Barriers of 2007 US Farm Bill A. Affirmed by WTO as forestalling reasonable rivalry B. Effect results to billions worth of exchange sanctions from different nations C. Under danger of veto from the US president D. Involves significant expenses Bibliography Bjerga, Alan. Senate Approves Farm Bill Over Bush Veto Threat. Bloomberg. com. December 14, 2007. http://www. bloomberg. com/applications/news? pid=20601103&sid=aWIfSjtJmPgE&refer=us Farm Economic and Financial Crisis.The Economic Crisis: Finances on the Farm. World Crisis in Agriculture. Diplomat Agricultural Research Department. Serf Publishing, Inc. 2001 http://cgca. net/serf-distributing/economiccrisis. htm Funding for Farmers. EconSouth, 2003 http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m0KXG/is_1_5/ai_100962424 Hedges, Stephen J. Board OKs ranch charge that keeps sponsorships. Chicago Tribune. October 26, 2007 http://www. chicagotribune. com/news/nationworld/chifarm_frioct26,1,3300139. story? ctrack=1&cset=true Ikerd, John. Why Farming is Important in America. Fourth Annual Rural Development Conference.North Dakota Association of Rural Electric Cooperatives, Mandan, North Dakota, February 5-7, 2002. http://web. missouri. edu/~ikerdj/papers/WhyFarming. html#_ftnref1 Panares, JOyce Pangco. UN pushes nullification of homestead exchange endowments. Manila Standard Today. http://www. manilastandardtoday. com/? page=politics2_oct19_2007 Reifsteck, John. Food and Fuel Truth About Trade and Technology Bo ard Commentary, November 9, 2007. http://www. truthabouttrade. organization/article. asp? id=8489 USDA Budget Summary 2006. Homestead and Foreign Agriculture Services. http://www. usda. gov/organization/obpa/Budget-Summary/2006/06. FFAS. htm

Human Resources Management Team

Displays: Use of expertly arranged shows, (for example, graphs and tables) might be vital, not exclusively to consent to the length necessity, yet additionally to upgrade the compact introduction of your group's reaction. A display must be â€Å"labeled† and quickly clarified in the body of your group's reaction †what is its importance? A display is commonly one (1) page. 3. References: Your group must incorporate four (4) trustworthy references (excluding the course reading) blunder task to add legitimacy to your answers. Your reading material doesn't consider a reference.You ought to stay away from Internet sources, aside from certain legislature or affiliation locales (e. G. , OSHA). Utilize the Troy library online to lead your exploration. Distinguish references dependent on PAP Style. Endnotes and Web destinations are remembered for your course reading. Strengthening Readings are posted in the Assignments territory of Blackboard. Connection 2: Preparation of TAB (pro ceeded) 4. Assessment: TAB assignments will be assessed dependent on the accompanying models. Content (65%): Integration of proper, significant course ideas; nature of investigation; concentrating on points of interest, not all inclusive statements; and exhaustiveness (relates to degree and profundity of coverage).Organization (20%): Use of these rules, appropriate area headings, and important shows; consideration of pertinent research; and stream. Polished methodology (1 5%): Demonstrated proof of the 3 AS: Adequate arrangement, pride of workmanship, and capability in the utilization of good relational abilities †composing style and understandability (language and accentuation). Rests must be succinct, sharp, and educated. Rubric: A Rubric, in view of the above rules, will be used to review the TAB assignments. Connect

Sleep Deprivation And Academic Performance Physical Education Essay

Lack of sleep And Academic Performance Physical Education Essay The motivation behind this examination was to explore the connection between lack of sleep and scholarly execution. In particular, this examination inspected the consciousness of understudies on the significance of rest, to decide the normal measure of rest an understudy get a night, to show the connection between's lack of sleep and scholastic execution just as to explore the correlation on lack of sleep among Arts and Sciences understudies. This examination utilized a quantitative research philosophy including the utilization of polls. The outcome shows that greater part who get higher CGPA were the individuals who dozed for under 7 hours, however the understudies who got lower CGPA were likewise the individuals who dozed less. Consequently, lack of sleep is adversely related with scholarly execution among CFS IIUM in this investigation. Rest is an essential need in our life as it assists with reestablishing vitality, fix the body, shed pounds and keeps us intellectually and truly alert (Malana, 2011). It is additionally significant in improving memory and decreasing pressure. Judy Monroe Peterson (2010) characterizes rest as a state which we become careless in regards to our general surroundings. The requirement for rest is much the same as how we need food and water. For a great many people, it is entirely expected to burn through 33% of their lives dozing. In the Islamic viewpoint, rest is the indication of the force and significance of Allah SWT in making an ideal framework in people life. Plus, Islam obviously stresses on the significance of rest. There have been ordinarily the Quran makes reference to about rest and direction on the considerate mindset of rest. In the Quran, Allah says, Furthermore, it is He who has made the night for you as dress and rest [a implies for] rest and has made the day a restoration. (25:47) Lack of sleep is characterized as a general inadequacy in the fundamental measure of resting hours that an individual should have in a day. Normal grown-ups need seven to nine hours of rest (Morganthaler, 2011). Dozing for under 6 hours a night has been appeared to influence coordination, mental readiness and can even prompt crabbiness, state of mind issue, weight increase, and visualization (Ramiccio, 2011). Past research have demonstrated that individuals who are restless perform more awful on deduction and memory task than who are not experiencing lack of sleep. On the off chance that we don't get enough rest, the memory of what we have discovered that day will conceivably not stay for long. These days, individuals will in general disregard the significance of rest throughout everyday life. Lack of sleep is said to have been influencing a large number of individuals around the globe, particularly undergrads. Understudies are bound to experience the ill effects of lack of sleep because of their rushed way of life. They regularly need to keep awake past 12 PM to finish their assignments, activities and work on schedule. A few understudies even draw dusk 'til dawn affairs as a methods for figuring out how to accomplish higher evaluations. Research shows that understudies who frequently pull dusk 'til dawn affairs and restless have somewhat less fortunate scholastic execution than understudies who don't (Perkins, 2011). As per Lowry, Dean, and Manders (2010), an understudies GPA has a relationship with the measure of rest an understudy gets every night. In their discoveries, the understudies who dozed progressively a night will in general get higher evaluations than the understudies who didn't. The outcomes relating to lack of sleep demonstrated that rest amount, and not rest quality associates with scholastic execution. Past investigations sketched out by W. Kelly, K. Kelly and Clanton (2001) inferred that short sleepers would report lower GPAs than long sleepers. The need measure of rest the short sleepers experienced influence their scholarly accomplishment because of a diminished capacity to concentrate on instruction related movement. Trockel, Barnes and Egget (2000) bolstered that rest propensity represents a portion of the fluctuation in first year undergrads GPA. Ahmed et al. (2012) likewise recommended that less fortunate scholarly execution is demonstrated to be related with a late sleep time on weekdays and ends of the week. Their investigation indicated that from 410 understudies studied, 28% had astounding execution and 72% had normal execution. The brilliant gathering had a prior sleep time each day as opposed to the normal gathering which had a higher level of understudies who felt lethargic during class. With these recommendations, it tends to be reasoned that specific rest propensities are altogether related with scholastic execution. Hamza et al. (2012) in their examination concerning rest issue additionally found that among clinical understudies the ESS score showed that 36.6% of members were considered having unusual rest propensities. Typical ESS scores (p=0.019) and the scholarly evaluations >3.75 was connected with resting between 6-10 hours out of every day. The outcomes exhibited that anomalous ESS scores were related with lower scholarly execution (p=0.002). In any case, in spite of different examinations, an exploration by Mehrunissa and Anam (2011) contended that rest didn't appear to have any impact on the scholastic accomplishment. Their investigation demonstrated that understudies who rested for under 7 hours acquired passing marks (A, B) however the dominant part who fizzled were likewise the individuals who dozed less. Moreover, 63.5% of the members despite everything imagined that rest didn't influence their scholastic execution. Henceforth, it is deduced in their examinations that lack of sleep didn't correspond with understudies scholarly execution. Henceforth, this current research is directed to contemplate the connection between lack of sleep and scholarly execution among CFS IIUM understudies. It is assumed that understudies who are restless have lower GPAs than understudies who rest soundly. The examination inquiries to be researched in this investigation are as per the following: Do understudies think about rest as significant? What is the normal measure of rest the understudies get a night? How does lack of sleep associate with the GPA of the understudies? Who are more restless, expressions or sciences understudies? Philosophy Presentation This area talks about the technique of the examination. The primary reason for this examination is to consider the connection between lack of sleep and scholastic execution among Center for Foundation Studies IIUM understudies. Reviews were directed to undergrads of Center for Foundation Studies IIUM with 6000 understudies populace to evaluate their rest examples and conduct which corresponds with their scholastic accomplishment. Information for the exploration were gathered through conveyance of polls and reviews on the web. Instruments The utilization of quantitative research technique is utilized in this examination which is the poll. The survey comprises of 6 inquiries separated into 2 segments which involves segment data and questions concerning rest appraisal. All are close-finished inquiries. Question 1, 2 and 3 comprise of different decision questions while Question 4 comprises of Yes/No inquiry. Question 5 and 6 are Likert scale sort of inquiry and understudies are required to address all inquiries. Respondents The respondents of the investigation were the understudies from Arts and Sciences programs at CFS IIUM. An aggregate of 50 polls were disseminated physically and by means of online studies. Of these numbers, 16 are Arts understudies while 34 are Sciences understudies. Method The surveys were circulated arbitrarily to all CFS IIUM understudies at different places, for example, homerooms and lodgings. The overviews were additionally directed on the web. Information Analysis For information investigation, information were gone into the PC and organized. The organized information were then introduced as structured presentation, section diagram and pie outline by utilizing the spreadsheet programming which is Microsoft Office Excel. Information were investigated from the chart to portray the information as it was simpler and increasingly intelligible. Discoveries and Discussion This area talks about the consequences of the examination on the connection between lack of sleep and scholastic execution among CFS IIUM understudies. The discoveries will be partitioned into significant themes found from an overview got from 50 understudies of CFS IIUM. The Awareness on The Importance of Sleep Figure 1: The Importance of Sleep Among Students Figure 1 shows how every understudy appraised the significance of rest. Alluding to the diagram, it is discovered that larger part of CFS IIUM understudies knew that rest is significant which involves 58% of them and practically 40% of understudies said that rest is significant while just 4% accept that rest isn't significant. Larger part of the understudies of CFS IIUM knew with the significance of rest paying little heed to what courses they are in. The outcomes were foreseen as the respondents were all understudies and they most likely had known numerous realities about rest from different perusing material, for example, magazines and books. In addition, there were bunch of understudies with PCs and web that made it simpler for them to look about this issue. To summarize it, the understudies mindfulness on the significance of rest by and large yields a good outcome. Number of Hours of Sleep Figure 2: Hours of Sleep every Night Figure 2 shows the normal long periods of rest understudies get every night. In light of the figure, the outcomes obviously show that the majority of the understudies rest for 4 to 6 hours out of each night. Least understudies are to have been resting for just 1 to 3 hours and 10 to 12 hours out of every night. What's more, less of the understudies rest for 7 to 9 hours out of each night. In spite of the past finding, despite the fact that the greater part of the understudies knew about the significance of rest, a considerable lot of them dozed for just 4 to 6 hours out of each night. This was perhaps because of additional time spent on examining and understudies were bound to keep awake past 12 PM chipping away at instructional exercises and assignments. Quickly stated, the vast majority of the understudies are restless as normal grown-ups need seven to nine hours of rest to be considered as having a decent rest propensity (Morganthaler, 2011). Rest Behavior Figure 3: Having a difficult time nodding off around evening time Figure 3 exhibits the level of understudies who have a hard tim

Meghalaya's Living Bridges Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Meghalaya's Living Bridges - Research Paper Example Typical extensions are not feasible in this district, as they would be harmed effectively by downpour of such extent. The living scaffold gain quality with time and get by for various years. These scaffolds are solid and durable and can bolster considerably in excess of 50 individuals on the double (BBC Series Web). Living scaffolds are just found in Meghalaya locale and can barely been found in some other piece of the world. This is viewed as one of a kind and draws in a numerous people from different pieces of the world. All things considered, the Meghalaya people group has been encouraged to keep supporting the living extensions since they are a solid vacation spot. The motivation behind the living extension is for individuals to go across waterways and streams during the blustery season that is evaluated to be 25 meters. What's more, this locale has numerous waterways that are quick streaming .Small waterways and streams ascend over their ordinary stature and become obstructed on stormy season. These living scaffolds go about as an answer for intersection such streams and extensions (BBC Series Web). These living scaffolds are intricate in nature however overseen and kept up by capable organic designing of underlying foundations of elastic

The Old Catholic Church :: essays research papers

Well before Christianity was separated into splinter gatherings, there was the old catholic Church. Every territory had a congregation, and each congregation had its minister who managed their otherworldly life. All houses of worship and all ministers remained on equivalent balance with each other. For they were all immediate beneficiaries of the Gospel of Jesus Christ from the Apostles. Every territory applied the Sacred Scriptures to their one of a kind societies. Furthermore, from that exertion, four extraordinary parts of Christianity created: Asian, Greek, Latin and Celtic. The Asian branch spoke to the Aramaic and Parthian viewpoint, which formed into the "Church of the East". It was later called the Nestorian Church. This extraordinary church proselytized the Asian world (counting China) and gave us the Peshitta - the Textus Receptus in the language expressed by our Lord. The Greek branch created in the Hellenistic world which later turned into the Byzantine Empire. A large portion of the incomparable Church Fathers originated from this branch. They were answerable for defining the early Creeds of Christianity. The Latin branch started in North Africa and later established in southern Europe. The Roman Catholic Church and numerous Protestant groups have originated from this branch. It turned into the Classical articulation of Christianity during the Middle Ages. The Celtic part of Christianity has been the minority branch inside Latin Christianity for the last one thousand years. In any case, during the first thousand years of the Christian time, it was the prevailing branch in northern Europe and the British Isles. It was liable for the endurance of Christianity and of general information during the brute attacks following the breakdown of the Roman Empire. Celtic Christianity spoke to the cooperation of the Druids with the lessons of the Bible. It was answerable for the one of a kind individual cognizance, love of freedom, and the interest of Western man. THE CAMBRIAN CHURCH The Church of Cambria was the origin of Celtic Christianity from the hour of the Apostles and for a long time from there on. This was the intelligent consequence of the way that Cambria had additionally been the focal point of Druidism. Changed over Druids turned into the main ministers of the Celtic world. During the early Middle Ages, the Cambrian Church shaped the center of the protection from the oppressive inclinations of the Roman Popes. During the late Middle Ages and the early Modern Era, its profound beneficiaries proceeded with that obstruction against the whole structure of Latin Christianity, regardless of whether Roman Catholic or Protestant. Today, the Cambrian Church is in "diaspora", particularly in America.

Country/Product Brief Essay - 2200 Words

Country/Product Brief (Essay Sample) Content: Product BriefInstitutional AffiliationDateIntroductionBusinesses in the modern society develop goals that mostly aim at increasing sale and maximizing profits fulfill their goals. Business expansions usually involve expansion of business to foreign countries, introduction of new products into the market or both. Companies need holistic planning of their business activities in order to tackle the challenges associated with business expansions and the dynamic factors affecting businesses in the modern society in order to ensure that their plans run efficiently and that they meet their objectives (Fletcher, 2013). Marketing is a core part of business activities and it greatly helps in the business expansion by informing customers and prospective customers about the new companies in the foreign countries or the introduction of new products in the market. This paper aims at analyzing the factors that affect new businesses and products in the society, additionally, it helps to focus on the advantages that business might have and how such advantages help in the accomplishment of business objectives.Holden Company is a major automobile manufacturing company in Australia and it deals with the manufacturing, marketing and sales of automobiles in the country in order to supply the public with various types of cars. In order to fulfill the set objectives of the company, Holden plans to expand business activities in Germany in order to increase sales and maximize on the profits. Holden finds Germany as the best avenue to open up a new factory first because of the strategic position of Germany CITATION Dav15 \l 1033 (Davidson, 2015). The strategic location of Germany makes it a key transportation hub in Germany and this ensures would help Holden to reach a number of countries in Europe and aid in opening up of the European market to the Australian products.Secondly, the need for Holden Company to expand their business activities in Germany also arises due to the well-developed infrastructure in the country that serves to promote business activities and the motor industry. Additionally, statistics prove that Germany ranks third largest exporter and exporter in the world according to the measured value of goods; this confirms the need to increase the manufacture of automobile businesses in order to boost the trade of goods within the country and around Europe. Fourth, The GDP of Germany rate at 2.9 trillion Euros and this brings the need to open up the German automobile industry in order to promote the flow of goods in the country and to promote the growth of the economy in the country CITATION Fir12 \l 1033 (Firnkorn, 2012). Among other sectors such as the electric industry, logistics, gastronomy and tourism, the automotive industry proves to be one of the core sectors in the German economy, there is the need to increase production, and sale of automobiles in the country and this confirms the business avenue that Holden has identified in Germany.Situation Analysis Business EnvironmentA number of factors are likely to affect business activities of the Holden Company in Germany, such factors include political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental. Holden Company needs to take deep analysis of the various factors that might affect their business practices in the country in order to ensure smooth running of the business activities in the foreign country. A number of political factors likely to affect the new car manufacturing plant that Holden hopes to open in Germany include the system of governance CITATION Hua12 \l 1033 (Huang, 2012). Germany being a democratic country whose political systems function under the system called Grundgesetz under the constitution of 1949 ensure that every business venture conforms to the strict laws of the country and this confirms the challenges that new companies face in the events when they plan to operate in Germany. The Grundgesetz system stipulates tough ent ry mode regulations and tax policies for new companies such as Holden in the country.To add on the tough entry mode regulations and the tax policies, the system of governance of Germany consists of three wings that make up the government of Germany which are the legislature, judiciary and executive that makes it hard to amend the laws in order to suit foreign companies in the country. Secondly, the constitution of the republic of Germany sets the rules and regulations necessary to carry out any business activities in the country and forms the fundamental structure of the government CITATION Lev11 \l 1033 (Leviston, 2011). The constitution holistically dictates the value systems that the country should follow, the constitution in Germany is considered as the main source of authority and the fact that it was formed in the year 1949, it confirms that it becomes irrelevant to the business activities in Germany in the modern society. The constitution proves to be irrelevant to the trade regulations in the country and this further affects the social welfare due to the dynamics of conducting business in the modern society.The economic factors that are likely to affect business activities of the Holden Company in Germany are such as the low raw materials in the country. This would force the company to import the raw materials and which would in turn lead to the increase in the cost of manufacturing hence reduce the profit margin for the company. Secondly, the fact that the power plants in Germany only burn lignite to produce electricity, imports natural gas and oil and two-thirds of its energy from other countries confirms the relatively higher prices in the country, which in turn threatens to affect the manufacturing processes of automobiles in Germany CITATION Net13 \l 1033 (Netland, 2013). The social factors that are likely to affect business activities of the Holden Company in Germany are such as the huge population of 82 million people in the country. This make s the country suitable for the manufacture and the sale of automobiles as it is the most populated country in Europe.The second social factor in Germany is the multicultural setting in the country and this makes the citizens to embrace the diversity and brings the need to manufacture cars that satisfies the tastes of various lifestyles. The ethno cultural diversity in the country also makes the car manufacturers to enjoy the variety in the market in Germany. The technological factors in Germany that are likely to affect business operations of the Holden Company in the country include the heavy science and technological developments in the country that the citizens adopt (Fletcher, 2013). The various types of research and development in the country make the automobile technology in the country to change very fast and this makes the automobile technology to become obsolete at a very fast rate. Holden is likely to face the challenges resulting from the huge technological developments a nd this would in turn affect the sales of the automobiles in Germany.The legal factors that are likely to affect the business operations of the Holden Company in Germany are such as the employment regulations that require that foreign companies must employ a certain percentage of nationals. Employing the nationals would in turn affect the quality of cars and affect the manufacturing speed of cars in the company due to the varying skills and competencies of the nationals and the foreign workers (Ciabuschi, 2012). Secondly, there comes the problem of health and safety regulations where the German government stipulates tough rules for the foreign companies in order to maintain the high standards of health and safety. Such rules affect the cost of manufacturing hence the profits of the company. Finally, the product regulations of the German laws affect the business practices of the Holden Company. Finally, environmental factors that are likely to affect business of the Holden Company ar e such as the pollution that results and associated with the manufacturing process and the procedures that the company lays down for the recycling and renewal of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s environment.Market AnalysisThe customer profiles that are relevant for the automobile industry are the working class that requires cars that have high reliability and that can satisfy their needs. Volvo ranks the highest due to the high quality and reliability of the vehicle in addition to the vehicle appeal. This confirms that the huge percentages of the customers are the younger generation that shows keen interest in the appeal and performance of the vehicle CITATION Dav15 \l 1033 (Davidson, 2015). The high percentages of the customers for the automobiles are the middle class members of the society since they are the proportion of the population that make the highest population divide. The Toyota cars rank the second most love brand of cars in Germany due to the affordability of the cars since a g reat percentage of the population are middle income earners that require cars that are cheaper and are affordable to manage. The high percentages of car buyers are private households that purchase the cars for their personal use and they increase the purchase of their cars in spite of rising wages.Competitive AnalysisThere are a number of car manufacturers in Germany and some of the major competitors in the market include Mercedes Benz, Audi, Ford, Opel, Volkswagen and BMW. The major competitors in the automobile industry in the German market enjoy the loyalty that the customers give to the brand name and this makes the major competitors to enjoy huge sales with minimal marketing. Secondly, the competitors in the German market register the huge sales due to the longevity of the vehicles and the high technological standards in the country CITATION Fir12 \l 1033 (Firnkorn, 2012). This makes it easy for the customers and the mechanics to operate and drive the v...

Good Opinion Essay Topics at a Glance

Good Opinion Essay Topics at a Glance Another good idea is to receive some completely free essay examples of different sorts and on various subjects to find a general idea of the way in which a prosperous debatable paper looks. Also, keep in mind that you'll have to offer some factual evidence for your opinion (after all, any academic paper needs to be supported by academically recognized sources), therefore do not go for subjects which are purely opinionated and don't have any possibility of justification. By way of example, in college, you might be requested to compose a paper from the opposing perspective. Such term paper can seem to be a difficult challenge. Hopefully, our small tips can allow you to handle any sort of an opinion essay easily and quick. You should look at a task to locate a theme not an issue but an opportunity and even a benefit. To select a great subject, you must first off opt for a region of discussion and make sure it is something you can have fun studying. A Real Estate company unlike any other centered on the mission of constructing a network of career-minded pros who strive to cultivate their organization and their future. You don't have to supply somebody else's point of view instead write what you personally consider the circumstance or subject. On the flip side, in the event you made a great choice, focus on what influenced you to make that decision and the way it has changed you. The majority of the questions are on current topics, therefore staying updated with what's going on in the world will truly help you think of ideas. When you're confronted with the question of the way to compose a conclusion for an opinion essay, there's a typical method to follow. What You Need to Do About Good Opinion Essay Topics Beginning in the Next 20 Minutes Teens need to be able to select their bedtime. A lot of students put on a uniform. Opinion essay topics are simple to find. For example, the the subject of the essay is First Love. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do. There are a few great topics to take into account when picking a topic for your argumentative es say. If you're writing about standardized testing, you will have a list of subtopics to select from, therefore it's imperative that you narrow your topic. To assist you do that, here are some tips. Begin with general subjects that you are conversant with then narrow down to a particular topic. Selecting a great topic for your essay is among the most essential and frequently tricky parts for many students. A great paragraph often starts with a topic sentence that sums up your primary idea. It's also advisable to go through the essay templates to learn more on the subject of essay structure when your outline is completed. Having selected a great topic to argue about, at this point you will need to make an argumentative essay outline. An opinion essay outline appears much enjoy a conventional essay outline. You might also compose a narrative essay to talk about your story about traditional or internet learning. Possessing excellent research abilities and selecting a superb topic is critical. It will be simpler that you compose a fantastic persuasive essay if it's a subject in which you have knowledge. To start with, a student is supposed to locate a suitable topic for an essay. Top Good Opinion Essay Topics Choices Now you are aware of how to compose an essay perfectly. Even if books are somewhat more informative. Colleges can tell whenever your essay is simply a form essay. Books worth reading while you're a student.

Importance of Ethics in International Business - 1541 Words

Importance of Ethics in International Business Executive Summary Ethics in the business world is important and global. Ethics indicate what is right and what is wrong in business branches and also lead employees and stakeholders with moral values. Due to the globalization of markets and production processes, business people have to deal with ethical issues in cross-cultural settings at an increasing number. The purpose of this paper is to explain the importance of international business, emphasise the ethics of a business and the significance of ethics in terms of expanding internationally. Ultimately, creating and maintaining acceptable organizational ethics will become beneficial in international business. Why do businesses†¦show more content†¦Therefore, the reputation of having good ethical behaviour will lend to more investment, which is beneficial. In the business world, partnerships happen all the time. Good partners help companies do well in joint ventures. The only way to get good partners is to have a good reputation both in terms of a track record and in terms of your business overall (Yucel, 2009). Having a strong tradition of ethical business behaviour is the best way to get a good reputation. An organization creating good business ethics has to be aware of the ethical concerns as well. Are there any ethical concerns for international organizations? The ethical concerns of businesses have been rising for decades. This is because of the various problems due to the aftermath of globalizing economies and markets, which have executives facing ethical issues in their markets in which they conduct business. (Gokmen, 2012). Therefore, the ethical rules and codes in international business can be complicated. Corporate responsibility, social responsibility and bribery and corruption are critical ethical concerns of international organizations. The emphasis on the corporate responsibility of large organisations is increasing from developed nations and the way they operate in less developed countries. Child labour, working standards and conditions and corruption are some of the most common international ethical issues surrounding the environment (Yucel, 2009). Social responsibility isShow MoreRelated International Business: The Importance of Ethics in Business1636 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Business The business world has always relied heavily on contractual agreements while conducting business. These contracts while written in ink, are set in stone. Once your business partner signs his/her name on the dotted line the pact has been sealed and nothing else needs to be said. But what happens when you take away the physical contractual element and everything is agreed upon through ones word? The world of business ethics is an old discipline in most parts of the worldRead MoreEthics As A Key Term Essay939 Words   |  4 PagesKEY TERM and WHY YOU ARE INTERESTED IN IT This paper will discuss ethics as a key term in cross boarder business. This topic is of interest because ethics are present in every day’s activities. For Christians, ethics is an important concept because it represents the image of the creator, God. As ambassadors of His world, Christians have the responsibility to edify others by living a moral and ethical life style. In the business field, the values and moral principles of individuals differ dependingRead MoreThe State of Ethics and Professionalism in the Field of Entrepreneurship674 Words   |  3 Pages Ethics and professionalism are important aspects in any career field. As a business person, it is easy for the author to consider ethics and professionalism being forefront issues in creating a lasting business anywhere in the world. 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Business ethics, as defined by the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy is the applied ethics discipline that addresses the moral features of commercial activity. The same source also gives a history of business ethics which states that the concept as an academic principle is relatively young-only about forty years old; but in general is asRead MoreThe Kantian And Utilitarianism Approach914 Words   |  4 Pages8. The purpose of focusing on the Aristotelean approach is to delve into business ethics surrounding an individual within their corporation, instead of the focus that centers on groups of people within a corporation. One presupposition regarding Aristotelean prejudices is noted between Pyrrhonian arguments, which state business is set apart from everyday life and increasing profits is the only social responsibility. In that, the writer goes on to contrast the Aristotelean approach between the KantianRead MoreGood Leadership: A Comparison of Two Articles670 Words   |  3 Pagesleader, and only receives mixed answers. But a good leader is someone who can implement a variety of policies while remaining true to the customer, or the citizen, and make profit for the business, or simply sound policies for a nation. The two articles summarized below discuss good leadership with regard s to ethics, another very important component in todays society. These articles will be summarized individually, then compared, after which some conclusions will be drawn. The first article to be

Essay on Gender Bias and Domestic Violence - 1197 Words

Women have always taken a back seat to men in American society. There has always seemed to be one set of standards that apply to men, and another set of standards that apply to women. This is evident in the home, workplace, and all throughout society. I would like to briefly discuss some of the differences that we learn about our gender, which will enable us to better understand men, women, and domestic violence in society today. Once we understand causation, we can then begin to understand effects and prevention. Our roles as men and women start at the hospital when we are born. Boys get blue blankets while girls get pink blankets. The toys we play with growing up are targeted at either males or females. Toys that are made†¦show more content†¦So what makes an abuser? The goal of the abuser is power and control over their partner. Domestic violence can affect all, but more often it is the male inflicting the harm due to their physical advantage and also their societ al taught dominating role. The abuser tends to conform to the stereotypical view of the man and women. The man goes out to make the money and support the family, while women stays home to cook, clean, and look after the kids. In knowing this, it is easy to understand why leaving an abusive relationship can be so difficult for the individual being abused, as leaving involves many needed changes and few solutions to the problems. Domestic violence is a very important social problem that we must educate ourselves on because it has such a profound and negative effect on the individual(s) being abused. They are affected mentally, emotionally, physically, and I know from experience that the scars can run very deep. Being in an abusive relationship for three years was devastating to my self-image as a teenager, and because of these feelings of inadequacy, my decreasing esteem allowed me to stay in such a dangerous scenario. Healing from the negative effects of that relationship has been a difficult journey for me, and I can only imagine how much more difficult it must be for women abused for years on end. To this day, I struggle greatly with the ability to let go of my own controlShow MoreRelatedThe Lecture On Domestic Violence Essay1736 Words   |  7 Pagesexplored the changes and influences of the Domestic Protection Act, 1982 and the Domestic Violence Act, 1996. The presentation put emphasis on the law an d systems in dealing with domestic violence. Included also in the lecture, was the analysis of protection orders and police interference. Protection orders are in practice for the urgent safety of the victims of domestic violence. They are applied for through the family court with evidence of domestic violence or potential danger (Morden, 2016). TheRead MoreBook Review of Domestic Violence1329 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Book Review on â€Å"Domestic Violence: The 12 Things You Aren’t Supposed to Know† Written By: Thomas James T.B. James has written a hard-hitting and incisive book focusing on current myths about domestic violence in the United States that turns the conventional approach on its ear (Domestic Violence: The 12 Things You Aren’t Supposed to Know, 2003). A practicing attorney in Minnesota and founder/director of Better Resolutions Mediation Service, James’s shortRead MoreDomestic Bias Of Domestic Violence1659 Words   |  7 Pages Domestic Bias in Violence Unprovoked battering. Over the years the term domestic violence has been given mass popularity in society. This is due to the many highly publicized events ranging from the Ray Rice’s abuse charges all the way to the murder trial of O.J. Simpson. The term domestic violence has emerged from a vow of silence in households to a prevalent discussion that has flourished throughout society. Or has it? Yes, domestic violence has been recognized as an issue in society. This hasRead MoreEffects Of Cultural Barriers On Reporting1166 Words   |  5 Pagescultural ideal of familismo decreases the likelihood that a Latina women will report instances of IPV, because the tradition teaches women to place the needs of their children and family over their needs as an individual. Latina women suffering domestic violence abuse can end up feeling as though they have to choose between protecting themselves and keeping their family together. Explaining why she stayed with her abuser, one woman i nterviewed by Vidales stated, â€Å"’I thought I was doing my children aRead MoreThe Null Hypothesis : Gender Bias928 Words   |  4 Pages2. Null Hypothesis - Gender bias does not have a role to play in people’s mind-set towards male victims. †¢ When asked if DV affects a significant number, small number of men or doesn’t affect men, 53.2% male respondents and 58.6% female respondents think that it affects a small number of men. Only 23.8% male respondents and 31.3% female respondents think a significant number of men are affected and a further 10.9% male respondents and 10.1% female respondents think it doesn’t affect men. Since theRead MoreChile, A South American Country1496 Words   |  6 Pagesof those 18 million people, 11 million are just consisted of women population. Ever since, Ferdinand Magellan, the first European to set foot on what is now called Chile, women have been neglected of many of their rights. Facing domestic violence and gender-based violence, there are only a few things that the government â€Å"approves† Chilean women doing. Chileans have experienced a leftist government of Salvador Allende to a military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet also known as General Pinochet. Wi thRead MoreDomestic Violence And Foreign Violence1251 Words   |  6 Pages Domestic Violence and Intersectionality Domestic violence, as defined by The National Coalition Against Domestic Violence is, â€Å"The willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual assault, and/or other abusive behavior as part of a systematic pattern of power and control perpetrated by one intimate partner against another. It includes physical violence, sexual violence, psychological violence, and emotional abuse. The frequency and severity of domestic violence can vary dramatically, howeverRead MoreMale Abuse Is The Hidden Side Of Domestic Violence1050 Words   |  5 Pagesside of domestic violence. Representative sample surveys of the population show that abuse is a fifty-fifty proposition when it comes to intimate partner violence. The only exception to these figures is shown in the major national survey produced by the National Violence Against Women survey which found that thirty-six percent of the victims are male (Kimmell, 2001). The issue is not that men don’t tell, no one actually asks. Wo men on the other hand have the public knowledge that domestic violenceRead MoreAre Women Less Privileged? Today s Society Than Men?1808 Words   |  8 Pagesthat men don’t experience to the same extent. Women are victim to sexual violence, domestic abuse, and gender bias. Firstly, a very common violation to the human rights of women, is sexual violence and harassment. This is a very extensive topic, covering much more than just sexual assault. Sexual violence covers street harassment, unwanted sexual touching or comments, rape, and consent issues. Secondly, women face domestic abuse very often in today s society, it is rarely discussed, and it coversRead MoreEssay On Gender Inequality1049 Words   |  5 PagesGender inequality as a social institution in Asia country (India) This essay provides an overview gender as a social institution in Asia countries, also, this essay mainly focuses on education and mainly focuses on the country of India. Moreover, this essay deeply investigates how gender inequality in Asia countries, especially in India affects in the long run (Klasen, 2002, p.745). There are numerous justifications to be worried about the existence of gender inequalities mainly in the well-being-related

The Man Behind John F. Kennedy Assassination Essay

The man behind John F. Kennedy Assassination President John F. Kennedy was born May 29, 1917 he was a military in War World II. After leaving the war he became the represented Massachusetts 11th congressional district in the U.S House of Representative. In January of 1961 he became United State 35th president into November 22 of 1963, when he was assassinated. But who was the master mind behind this tragic. On November 22, 1963 Kennedy was assassinate in Dallas, Texas. That same day Lee Oswald was arrested as the main suspected of the Kennedy assassination. Authorities stated that Oswald fired Kennedy from Texas School Book Depository six floor. What could have been the reason that Oswald had to killed Kennedy? and can one individual fired many time from different angles. When Kennedy became president in 1961 with the help of the mafia. Kennedy decided to name his brother Robert Kennedy the Attorney General whom declared a war against the organized crime forgetting the debt that they had with the mafia. Robert Kennedy accum ulated many enemies in â€Å"early 1961, the Attorney General would be saying the new laws and specialized intelligence had top gangsters on the run. Three hundred and fifty mobsters were indicated that years, 138 of them convicted. Some mobsters were fleeing the United State rather than face justice.† That same year they won the biggest mobster as enemy Carlos Marcello. Carlos Marcello was born as Calogero Minacori in February 6, 1910 toShow MoreRelatedThe Assassination of John F. Kennedy1076 Words   |  4 Pages The assassination of John F. Kennedy is one of the most controversial and debated topics in American History. JFK was one of the most beloved presidents of our time. It was November 22, 1963 when JFK was assassinated. Unlike previous presidential assassinations, the JFK assassination is the most conspiracies of all time. The theories are the Government cover up, Mafia influence and Cuban President Fidel Castro. Imagine one person can do all this planning which Lee Harvey Oswald. There is no wayRead Moreâ€Å"Forgive Your Enemies, But Never Forget Their Names.† –John1302 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Forgive your enemies, but never forget their names.† –John F Kennedy This quote was said by a man who was once someone that the American people would call the 35th President of the United States. John F. Kennedy was a very young President, as well as a very good looking president. Women would swoon over the idea of John F. Kennedy but also be jealous of his wife that he was married to at the time. John F. Kennedy is well known for his affair with Marilyn Monroe the world’s leading bombshell blondeRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy: A Legacy Never Forgotten1377 Words   |  6 Pagesforget their names(Brainy Quotes). John F Kennedy said this during one of his speeches, and ironically no one will ever forget the name of the person who murdered him, Lee Harvey Oswald, an enemy of the American Public. When Kennedy ran for office, he had to seem like the more experienced candidate and appeal to all of the people. During his speeches, Kennedy engaged his audiences and they hung on his every word. However, the tragic event of his assassination devastated the country and is somethingRead MoreThe Assassination Lee Harvey Oswald Essay1153 Words   |  5 Pagesthrough Dallas, Texas. President Kennedy sat with his wife waving at the crowds of spectators when three shots were fired. President Kennedy had been shot in the back and head. The president was then rushed to the nearest hospital, four miles away. John F. Kennedy was pronounced dead at 1.30pm, just an hour after the assassination at 46 years of age. He died of a wound in the brain caused by one of the bullets. Vice President Lyndon Johnson, who had been only three cars behind the president’s vehicle uninjuredRead MoreThe Assassination Of President John F. Kennedy1376 Words   |  6 PagesLee Harvey Oswald and the assassination of President John F. Kennedy November 22, 1963 (Jennings), a day that changed American history, and a day that’s events still haunt the nation of freedom and liberty. Whether it be Jacqueline Kennedy’s pained cries or the hoodless limousine, a piece of this day in history lies in every American’s mind. The assassination of President John F. Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the United States of America (Bugliosi 11), to this day has several conspiraciesRead MoreThe Assassination Of The War And Formation Of Civil Rights1550 Words   |  7 Pages Political Assassination Danielle Ferreira U.S Government Date Introduction Political assassination is defined as the act of killing a political figure mainly for political reasons. In most cases, the motive behind political assassinations is beyond the person who is killed. Assassinations have been rampant across the globe for ages and these assassinations do cause lots of political instabilities in a country especially when key personalities such as heads of states are the victimsRead MoreThe Assassination Of John F. Kennedy1626 Words   |  7 PagesThe Assassination of John F. Kennedy John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, was assassinated on November 22, 1963 at 12:30 p.m Central Standard Time in Dallas, Texas while riding in a motorcade in Dealey Plaza.[1] Kennedy was fatally shot by Lee Harvey Oswald while he was riding with his wife, Jacqueline, Texas Governor John Connally, and Connally s wife, Nellie, in a presidential motorcade. A ten-month investigation by the Warren Commission from November 1963 to September 1964Read MoreJfk Assassination Research Paper1102 Words   |  5 Pages3, 2013 JFK Assassination On November 29, 1963, our 35th President of the United States, John Fitzgerald Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. A young and vigorous leader who was a victim of the fourth Presidential assassination in the history of a country. This assassination was known as a world tragedy, and a great lost to our nation. Many conspiracies were formed while the investigation of his assassination was undergoing, making his caseRead MoreAlternative Theories to John F. Kennedys Assassination1675 Words   |  7 PagesDallas, Texas, John Kennedy hoped to gain support for the upcoming election. Kennedy, who was accompanied by his wife Jaqueline, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson and Mrs. Johnson, Senator Ralph Yarborough of Texas, Governor John B. Connally, and Mrs. Connally was riding in an open car in a motorcade driving from Love Field airport to the Dallas Trade Mart (â€Å"Kennedy†). At 12:30 p.m. CST, President John Fitzgerald Kennedy was shot (â€Å"Kennedy†). The fearless John Fitzgerald Jack Kennedy seemed to knowRead MoreJfk, An American Thriller Directed By Oliver Stone1349 Words   |  6 Pagesshooting of President John F. Kennedy and the ensuing cover-up perceived through the eyes of former New Orleans District Attorney, Jim Garrison, who is played by renowned American actor, Kevin Costner. Some years following President Kennedy’s assassination, Jim Garrison filed charges against New Orleans entrepreneur Clay Shaw, who is played by actor Tommy Lee Jones. Clay Shaw was accused of allegedly conspiring against and contributing to a plot to murder President John F. Kennedy, for which Lee Harvey

Should Cosmetic Surgery Be Addictive - 1448 Words

Silvia Arredondo Mrs. Kehrmeyer Cont Comp 14 April 2016 Plastic Surgery Can be Addictive if Done to Exces People today hesitate to go to the doctor for health reasons or due to cost, or to find out they have a disease, but they will not think twice about going to a doctor to get a flaw fixed. How much cosmetic surgery is too much? Is the rate of cosmetic surgery rising? Should cosmetic surgery be promoted? Plastic cosmetic surgery can be a last resort to fix a feature that is lacking when it is the first time someone is about to get a procedure done, but it can also turn into an addiction and become an easy way out to touch up a flaw. for someone that has gone through the cosmetic procedures. The temptation is there since plastic surgery is all over the media now. The majority of celebrities and people that are looked up to are filled with them so somehow someone that is wanting to get them can see this as an acceptance to get anything fixed since it is common to do so. According to treatmeantaddiction.com, cosmetic surgery addiction is not only caused by low esteem but it can also be caused by a condition called body dysmorphic disorder. They get so stuck into the idea that there is something wrong with a feature when there is not. For example an individual can find a flaw in their appearance try to perfect it and once it is fixed they will choose another part of their body that looks off to them and get a procedure done on that it is a neverShow MoreRelatedShould Cosmetic Surgery Be Banned?956 Words   |  4 Pagesbecome prevalent among our society today is cosmetic and plastic surgery. Cosmetic surgery is surgery that corrects or modifies the appearance of a feature, or defect on the human body. Although plastic surgery can sometimes be used for treatment of injury or other health related issues. Surgery to improve appearance is widespread among our culture. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgery, there were 15.6 million cosmetic and plastic surgeries procedures done in 2014, bringing in as muchRead MoreCosmetic Surgery : Insight Into The Enslavement1277 Words   |  6 PagesJohanna Bonds Bonds 1 Ms. Homewood Sherlock 11 April 2016 Cosmetic Surgery: Insight into the Enslavement to Looking Perfect In the medical field, cosmetics is the process in which patients undergo surgical and nonsurgical procedures to alter their appearance. Unlike plastic surgeons who are dedicated to helping burn victims and birth disorders etc. Cosmetic surgery is enhancing the appearance of a person. Nonsurgical procedures include; botox, laser hair removal, and surgical proceduresRead MoreWhat Are Plastic Surgery?1676 Words   |  7 PagesWhen you hear the term â€Å"Plastic Surgery†, what comes to mind? For me, I think of a Barbie doll. An unrealistic image of the body, but still known to be the perfect doll. I think of the horror stories of botched surgeries. I think of insecurities and people attempting to correct their bodies. I also think of a different nose, Botox, injections, incisions, and scars. However, there are two different types of plastic surgery. There is cosmetic surgery, which is the term that people mostly associateRead MorePlastic Surgery Is All Over The Media1453 Words   |  6 PagesThese days, plastic surgery is all over the media. Top stars and celebrities have touted it as the means of achieving physical perfection. Due to this influence, it has become accepted and indeed prevalent in the society today. Its rapid commonplace has been facilitated by the coming of non-invasive procedures such as Botox. In 2007 alone, the American Society of Aesthetic Surgery reported that approximately 13.3 billion dollars were spent on plastic surgery, which was a 17% increase over the previousRead MorePlastic Surgery Debate992 Words   |  4 PagesGroup 1 Plastic Surgery I. Introduction Plastic Surgery, or Cosmetic Surgery, is surgery that is unnecessary from a medical perspective, but is carried out to improve appearance. Cosmetic surgery is initiated by an individual who wants to change the physical appearance of a feature. Although in many cases their physical appearance is normal, they may wish to change the size of their breasts or the shape of their nose. An individual may also use cosmetic surgery to change disfigured body partsRead MoreCosmetic Surgery Should Be Banned938 Words   |  4 Pagesfacial and body characteristics. Cosmetic surgery is an easy way to achieve those looks. People are willing to take the risk under the knife to reach society s level of beauty. Tummy tucks, liposuction, breast augmentation, and nose jobs are the most popular surgical procedures. Some people may think non-reconstructive surgery, surgery that is performed even though there are no abnormalities, trauma, infection, tumors or disease, is not an issue. Cosmetic surgery raise s a risk of addiction that leadsRead MoreCosmetic Surgery: A Quick Fix? Essay1252 Words   |  6 Pages What was once a surgery performed primarily to restore, is now used to enhance a person’s face and body. Cosmetic surgery, which is said to have been â€Å"used more than 4,000 years ago to treat facial injuries† (Fresh Faces) is now considered a common activity among any kind of person. This surgery first gained popularity in the 1910’s after World War I, among soldiers with shattered war faces in need of repair. Later, it became a popular trend among women, who were mostly from high-classRead MoreThe Effects of Cosmetic Surgery1593 Words   |  7 Pagesplanning to have a cosmetic procedure? There are many things that a person considering having a procedure should know. Cosmetic surgery has been practiced for many years however, it is dangerous and many people face addiction. Before having a cosmetic procedure it is important to know all the fac ts. Cosmetic surgery being so popular, many people are not aware that there are two types of plastic surgery: Cosmetic plastic surgery and Reconstructive plastic surgery. Cosmetic surgery is the improvementRead MoreCosmetic Surgery : The Risk Of Enhancing Beauty1328 Words   |  6 Pages Cosmetic surgery : The Risk of Enhancing Beauty Cosmetic Surgery has become popular over the years due to the advertisement of celebrities who embrace their surgery to refine their beauty. For example, an article by Anthony Elliot, he labels cosmetic surgery as Drastic plastic: The rise of cosmetic surgical culture; Celebrity obsession: Fame, fortune and faking it; Want-now consumerism: Immediate transformation, instant obsolescence; and Making the cut: Cosmetic surgical cultureRead MoreEssay on The Risks of Cosmetic Surgery1466 Words   |  6 Pagesyou aware of the risks and disadvantages of cosmetic surgery? Cosmetic surgery can be very risky and dangerous if you are not aware of the outcomes. If you are thinking of going through a procedures you need to do a lot of research of what the pros and cons of the procedure you are about to undergo. Cosmetic surgeries are done all over the world and the pricing varies depending on the surgeons, and it can be very expensive. The outcome of the surgery won’t always come to what you wanted but still

Smell and Memory free essay sample

What is the best way to commit something to memory? Memory is a combination of the processes used to acquire, store, retain, and retrieve information (Cherry, 2012). Students, professionals, children, and researchers would all benefit from knowing how to best encode information and ensure that information remains imbedded in ones long-term memory banks. The study of human memory has been a major priority for cognitive psychologists for many years. One of the main focuses has been with memory and the five basic human senses. Is it easier to recall a memory that one has seen , heard, touched, tasted, or smelled? In terms of quickness and effectiveness, from a biological and physical standpoint, the sense of smell is the most effective in retaining and retrieving information out of all five senses. The process of in which information is transported into long term memory is called encoding (Goldstein, 2011). This process can be completed in several different ways using the different senses. Events in one life can be committed to memory via sight. Most would say that sight is the most effective sense in recovering memories because when one tries to remember a past event, they attempt to visualize it. Simple visualizations of past events usually only come in flashes and dont give an accurate, detailed depiction of the events that occurred. Hearing is the same, if one focuses on the auditory aspects of a memory, they will only recall what was heard and not many other details of the account. The most detailed and fully formed recalls typically come from memories that are linked with strong emotions. Emotional memories cause a release of hormones from the adrenal glands and these hormones influence the effects or neurotransmitters in the brain, enhancing ones memory (Wade, 2012). Since  emotions are so closely related to memory, one can assume that the sense with the closest relationship to emotions would be the sense that is most able to store and retrieve information accurately. The amygdala is a set of neurons located deep in the brains medial temporal lobe and plays a key role in the processing of emotions (ScienceDaily, 2012). The primary olfactory cortex, in which the higher level processing of hearing takes place forms a direct link with the amygdala (Herz, 1996). Only two synapses serarate the olfactory cortex from the amygdala, which is involved in experiencing emotion and emotional memory (Herz, 1996). So when one smells something, it immediately triggers an emotional response. That smell is then committed to memory emotionally, and in the future when that particular smell is experienced again, the emotions felt will allow the person to retrieve a detailed account of what was going on when that smell was first experienced. For example, if one happened to be staring out the window watching a dog chase a squirrel and smelled that their grandmother was baking chocolate chip cookies, years later when smelling those cookies again, that emotional response garnered before could bring about a detailed account of that dog chasing the squirrel. The hippocampus is a part of the forebrain, located in the medial temporal lobe and is a critical tool used for storing memories (Buzsaki, 2010). The hippocampus has also been considered the brains éÆ' ½earch engine allowing for quick and efficient searches for deposited memories in the brain (Buzsaki, 2010). The hippocampus provides a storage for information and dedicates it to long term memory, and then later provides the ability to search through that database of information for specific memories and information. Only three synapses separate the olfactory nerve from the hippocampus (Herz, 1996). Given this information, one can see that the sense of smell carries a direct link to the storing of information, and also a direct link with the subsequent retrieval of that information. Humans tend to underestimate the role of smell in our every day lives. Most mammals actually recognize smell as their most important sense and rely on it constantly for many of their daily activities. Animals use their sense of smell to hunt food, locate members of their family or pack, lure possible  mates for reproduction, and even communicate. Members of the canine family often use urine to mark their territories, committing the smell of the urine to memory so they can use that memory to locate their territories and ward off other animals (Ito, 2000). Many animals when they are first born are unable to see, and use their sense of smell to identify their mother (Ito, 2000). Some animals, when they birth their young identify them using their sense of smell, and if that scent is compromised by another animal or person, the parent will reject the young (Ito, 2000). Animals also learn better using their sense of smell. In a 1993 study, rats were presented with a drinking tube containing quinine hydrochloride (Slotnik, 1993). The hydrochloride had a bad taste and the time it took for the rats to stop going to the drinking tube was recorded (Slotnik, 1993). When the hydrochloride drinking tube was associated with a specific scent, the rats learned to not drink from it much faster than when the water was associated with a different color, sound, or consistency (Slotnik, 1993). The rats learned quicker when the tainted water was associated with smell than any other sense. Humans would be a lot more effective in storing and retrieving their memories if they took the example given my most mammals and utilized the olfactory nerve system more effectively and relied on it more often. One important aspect of committing information to long term memory is rehearsal. Rehearsal is necessary for commiting things to memory because typically the sensations we see, hear, and feel dont remain for long. After reading a sentence, the vision of that sentence doesnt stay there, it passes. So the best way to commit that sentence to memory would be to read that sentence over and over again until it sticks, and even then it only commits it to short term memory (Goldstein, 2010). One could also not read it again, but just repeat it over and over until it is committed to memory using the auditory senses. This shows that committing information to memory using other senses requires work on ones part. When it comes to the sense of smell, it is the slowest of all senses. It not only takes the brain longer to perceive olfactory stimuli; the sensation of an odor also persists for greater lengths of time than do sensations of vision or audition (Herz, 1996). One does not have to do any work to commit a smell to memory because the body automatically conducts its own form of rehearsal by allowing the  sensation to linger until it is committed to memory. Olfactory receptors most readily receive information from the physical world and therefore are able to code memories for things like emotion or events more efficiently. Several studies have been conducted with humans to determine what senses have the most effect on memory. One 1990 study examined memory for common odors and odor names encoded with visual, verbal, and olfactory elaborations (Lyman, 1990). In this experiment several groups of people were placed in a room and either presented with a group of odors and the name of that odor, visually given a list of names of objects associated with an odor, or verbally given a list of names associated with an odor (Lyman, 1990). A week later these groups were brought back in and asked to recall these lists given olfactory, auditory, or visual clues. The group that was presented with the smells again performed a lot better in recalling the name associated with those smells (Lyman, 1990). According to this study and several like it, the olfactory receptors are more effective at storing and retrieving memory; however, studies have also been done to decide whether interference plays a part when storing memory. When one is listening to a lecture and trying to commit what the lecturer is saying to their long term memory, background noise such as a car outside, another student sneezing, or a phone ringing is known as auditory masking (Goldstein, 2010). This masking reduces the persons ability to remember what was being said at the time. Visually, if one is watching a television show and there is something moving in their peripheral vision, that distraction could affect the persons memory of that television show. So in order to determine whether interference also plays a part in the sense of smell and how it is compared to the other senses and their types of interference, a research study was conducted in 2003 by Gesualdo Zucco. In this study, participants were asked to smell 30 odors while performing other tasks (Zucco, 2003). These tasks included things such as drawing an image, recounting a specific episode from their life, or naming a word and giving the definition (Zucco, 2003). Participants that were asked to conduct these tasks while smelling the odors were later able to recollect these odors just as well as the participants that smelled the odors without having to perform  a separate task (Zucco, 2003). In a second study conducted by Zucco, participants were exposed to 15 olfactory stimuli, 15 auditory stimuli, or 15 visual stimuli and all exposed to similar interfering conditions (Zucco, 2003). After being asked to recall the different stimuli later, it was shown that the interference affected recollection for the visual and auditory stimuli but not at all for the olfactory stimuli (Zucco, 2003). This study shows that not only is memory for odors represented on a separate and unique memory system, but also a more effective memory system than visual and auditory stimuli. Given the fact that the olfactory system holds closer links to the amygdala and hippocampus, automatically conducts its own form of rehearsal, and is less affected by interference, one can conclude that the sense of smell is the most effective sense in storing and retrieving memories; however, there is one downside to relying on the sense of smell to recall memories. Memories retrieved by the sense of smell are often subject to bias. A 1987 study showed that women asked to retrieve memories based on specific neutral words while also being exposed to certain odors recalled these memories in a negative or positive light based on the type of odors they were given (Ehrlichman, 1988). Those that were exposed to unpleasant odors recalled their memories as negative, while those exposed to pleasant odors recalled their memories as more positive (Ehrlichman, 1988). Each sense plays its part in memory retrieval and the best way to accurately and in detail commit an event or information to memory and later retrieve that event or information is to use as many senses as possible when encoding. But the most effect sense in storing and retrieving detailed information or events is the sense of smell.

Contemporary Accounting Practices for Finance Information

Question: Discuss about theContemporary Accounting Practices for Finance Information. Answer: Application of Information System in Accounting An Accounting Information system refers to the programs and software which can be used for collecting, processing and analyzing accounting and finance information (Simkin, Norman Rose, 2014). Such types of information are used by auditors, accountants and other finance professional. The most popular accounting information system are ERP system, Expert systems, integrated accounting packages and other similar programs (Leyh, 2012). The use of accounting information system in the accounting process is crucial for systematic recording and processing of information on the basis of which important decisions are taken. Impact on the Accounting Process The introduction of new accounting information system in accounting process has result in tremendous development of overall accounting process. With the introduction of accounting information system like ERP and Expert system, the overall complexity has reduced and easiness of recording and analyzing different transaction and items have increased (Matende Ogao, 2013). Moreover, a lapse in accuracy which was present in the traditional accounting system have been made up and rectified with the introduction and implementation of accounting information system such as ERP, integrated accounting packages. Another advantage of the situation is that as the whole process is computerized, a single adjustment of any item will automatically adjust all the related area which is associated with the transaction. There are more advantages which are associated with the use of accounting information system which are related to the security and better presentation of the accounting data (Schaltegger Burritt, 2017). When a company is using accounting information system then the management will have to have accounting professionals which can operate the accounting information system and also have adequate knowledge of the accounting information system. The accounting professional needs to have adequate knowledge of the system or software or program which the business is using. Moreover, the accounting professionals need to have proper training of the accounting software and ensure that they are able to handle all situation effectively. Reference Leyh, C. (2012). Critical success factors for ERP system implementation projects: A literature review.Advances in Enterprise Information Systems II, 45-56. Matende, S., Ogao, P. (2013). Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system implementation: a case for user participation.Procedia Technology,9, 518-526. Schaltegger, S., Burritt, R. (2017).Contemporary environmental accounting: issues, concepts and practice. Routledge. Simkin, M. G., Norman, C. S., Rose, J. M. (2014).Core concepts of accounting information systems. John Wiley Sons.

Tips For Writing a Sample Essay About a Host Family

Tips For Writing a Sample Essay About a Host FamilyIn college, there is a lot of work for the student who needs to write a sample essay about a host family. While there are a lot of people who get writing assignments in school, there are very few who get to write one about a very personal experience, even when they are writing a sample essay about a host family. With this course of writing a very personal essay about a host family, there are a few tips that you can follow.Research! The first tip for writing a sample essay about a host family is to research your topic. This means that you need to find out what exactly is going on in your family and community. It also means that you need to do a lot of researching to find out what your area's history has to say about this topic.Take a look at what your friends and family are saying about the subject matter. Talk to them about it and see if they have any opinions on the topic. Also, ask them what they think might happen next in your fam ily. You will also want to talk to experts in the field to get their opinions.Then, as mentioned above, research. There are lots of resources that you can use to find information about your family's history. You will need to know where to look and what to look for.Talk to a professor about your topic. This will help you narrow down your ideas to be able to write an essay that is specific to your needs. You can also talk to a counselor in your college to get some professional advice on how to write the essay that you need to write. You can also talk to a counselor in the community college that you are in.Write. Remember, you need to write this article. Writing the piece of the essay is as important as the content itself. As long as you write the essay from your heart, it will be easier for you to make the essay interesting.Make sure that the ending is perfect. It is possible to be too sentimental in a piece, but it is also possible to be too comedic. Make sure that you know how to te ll the difference between the two, and that you have more than one way to tell the story.Using these tips, you can write a sample essay about a host family. Once you learn how to write an essay about a family that you have lived with, you will never have to write another one again.

Leadership, Its Theories, Models and Styles

Zen and the Art of Archery essays

Zen and the Art of Archery essays The book Zen and the Art of Archery, by Eugen Herrigel, discusses the spirituality connected with the art form in the sport of archery. In this book, Herrigel describes many aspects of how archery is, in fact, not a sport, but an art form, and is very spiritual to those in the east. As an actor, this book helps you to use your spirituality in your acting. Archery, in this book, was the way that the author found his way into Zen Buddhism. He studied this art, which is referred to as the "artless art," to gain experience in the field of Zen Buddhism. At first, one might think that archery has no place in Zen, but, through discussion and explanation, it is revealed that archery is quite a large part of Zen. It is not through the actual physical aspect of shooting arrows at targets that archery is Zen, but through the art and spirituality through which it is performed. It is not merely shooting an arrow to hit a target, but becoming yourself the target and then, in turn, hitting yourself, of course not literally, but spiritually, and by meeting the spiritual goal, you will then meet the physical goal. The contest is, therefore not with the arrow or the target but with oneself. The whole art of archery is internal, within oneself, and not external with the bow and arrows. The learning process for the Zen in archery is a long proc ess, focusing at first on drawing the bow "spiritually," then moving on to holding the arrow and finally to "'loosing' the arrow." Archery is, in the sense of Zen, is described as a ceremony, with the main goal being to be able to perform it "effortlessly." The idea is to, as said by Herrigel's teacher, "stop thinking about the shot." Once you stop thinking about the shot it will happen, but until then, it will not. To really be able to not think about the shot is to have to "let go of yourself," as said by the master. The first test, of sorts, taken by Herrigel in the area of arch...

Lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Lab Report Example Quiz I: Psychometric Analysis The 12 item quiz described as Quiz I was associated with a mean of 6.4 and an SD of 2.657 (min = 0, max = 12). The distribution of the total scores was not very normal with skew observed to be 0.111 and kurtosis to be -0.888. The Pearson correlations between the 12 items in the quiz are reported in table 1. This shows that while the test has otherwise acceptable psychometric properties, some items may need to be revised or removed. An item discrimination analysis was conducted to investigate the contribution of each item to the test. Specifically, D index values were estimated for each of the 12 items in the quiz based on splitting the sample into high (73rd percentile and above) and low (27th percentile and below) quiz performers in accordance with Kelly (1939). Based on a frequency table analysis of the ‘quiz I performance’ variable, the split corresponded to scores of 4 or lower being associated with the lower set while scores of 9 or hig her were associated with the higher set. Table 2 shows discriminatory index for each of the items, and it is evident that items 11 and 12 did not achieve a D index of more than 29%. This could mean that these items are poorly constructed or that they do not contribute to the test as well as the other items (Crocker & Algnia, 1986). The item total correlations also verify that these items contribute poorly to the quiz and have correlation coefficient s of less than 0.20. The internal consistency analysis conducted using the Cronbach’s ? was also marginally below the requisite 0.70 level (Nunnally & Brenstien, 1994) with a statistic value of 0.683. Given this data, it was believed that the quiz needed to be revised. Thus, items 12 and 11 were sequentially removed from the quiz and the Cronbach’s ? was re-estimated. The quiz was now composed of 10 items and was associated with an acceptable ? level of 0.734. The revised scale had a mean score of 5.128 with SD = 2.56 (min = 0, max = 10).the distribution of scores for the new quiz was also slightly more normalized with skew = 0.20 and kurtosis = -0.780. Quiz II: Psychometric analysis The 11 item quiz described as Quiz II was associated with a mean of 5.48 and an SD of 2.67 (min = 0, max = 11). The distribution of the total scores was approximately normal with skew observed to be 0.043 and kurtosis to be -0.8. The Pearson correlations between the 11 items in the quiz are reported in table 3. This shows that the test has acceptable psychometric properties. An item discrimination analysis was conducted to investigate the contribution of each item to the test. Specifically, D index values were estimated for each of the 11 items in the quiz based on splitting the sample into high (73rd percentile and above) and low (27th percentile and below) quiz performers in accordance with Kelly (1939). Based on a frequency table analysis of the quiz performance variable, the split corresponded to scores of 4 or lower being associated with the lower set while scores of 7 or higher were associated with the higher set. Table 4 shows discriminatory index for each of the items, all of which managed to achieve an acceptable D index (Crocker & Algnia, 1986). The item total correlations also verify that all items did contribute adequately to the quiz and

Summary and reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary and reflection - Essay Example Even though the topic of the film was a contentious one, I found the movie to be insightful because I never considered some things to be racist. The most common one of these is when the white police officer manhandles a black woman on the pretext of possible drug use. There are many things in our daily lives that we do not recognize as being racist, even though many times they are. I most identified with Cameron, the husband of the black woman who was strip-searched, because he had to face a difficult dilemma. On the one hand, he could have prevented the police officer from assaulting his wife. The likely outcome would have been that he would be arrested. But, what he actually did was nothing at all. I would have done the same as him because police officers have the authority to do anything that they want because they are the law. I think that the director could have focused less on the divisions between white and black people because there are also many other cultures that can be racist. The characters in the movie were very stereotypical and I do not think that this helps ongoing racial

Essay Midterm Essay Example for Free

Essay Midterm Essay 1)The subfields of anthropology seem quite diverse in their specific subjects and methods. Why, then, are they all considered parts of the single discipline of anthropology? What ties them together? Anthropology is an extensive discipline. It is so broad it had to be split into four subfields; Archeology, Biological (Physical), Cultural, and Linguistic anthropology. The definition of anthropology is â€Å"the holistic, scientific study of human kind† (Park, 2014). Parks (2014) states, every anthropologist wants to know why we have a tendency as humans to behave as we do, change constantly, have different cultural behaviors and the ability to constantly evolve. Anthropology answers these questions from the different subfields. â€Å"Archaeology examines our past ways of life through the interpretation of material culture, organic remains, written records, and oral traditions, Biological Anthropology deals with the evolution of the human body, mind and behavior as inferred through study of fossils and comparisons with behavior and anatomy of other primate species, Cultural Anthropology explores the diversity of existing human ways of life, how they work, how they change, and how they interrelate in the modern world and Linguistic Anthropology examines the structure and diversity of language and related human communication systems† (Sanoma State University, 2014). Even though the subfields seem quite diverse they do have similarities that tie them together. According to the American Anthropology Association (2014), â€Å"each subfield applies theories, employs systematic research methodologies, formulates and tests hypotheses, and develops extensive sets of data.† References Anthropology: exploring the human in all of us. (December 12, 2012). American Anthropological Association. Retrieved from http://www.thisisanthropology.org/about-anthropology Parks, (2014) Introducing Anthropology an Integrated Approach (6th ed), McGraw Hill education Sonoma State University, (March 5, 2014). Anthropology consist of four (some would say five) subfields. Retrieved from https://www.sonoma.edu/anthropology/home/subfields.html

Eating Disorders and Image Essay -- Anorexia Bulimia Health Weight Los

Eating Disorders and Image As humans on this planet we often think about what others think about our appearance. We often, in this society, look at a person through their characteristics such as: looks, height, clarity of skin, and by how fat or thin one appears to be. In the article, The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place, by Natascha Pocek, she states the fact that, in this society, we put a lot of emphasis on diets and appearing thin. From when we are children we tend to change our views according to the ways of man, and find ways to stay fit or to lose weight. With this constant loss of weight we tend to get into a hole of wanting to be thinner, and in my opinion that want leads to the attempts of so many girls developing some sort of eating disorder. That fact has struck America hard, and Americans try harder to be what the image of the world is telling them to be. This image is to be thinner and prettier than you could possibly imagine. Dieting is a good thing to a point, but when one crosses the line of going to eating disorders, then dieting is not just a way to lose a few pounds. This way of dieting is a death trap. In Pocek’s discussion, she describes her story about the fad diets that she has tried and how they ended up not working for her. Pocek went through period where she would try a diet and either would not be able to follow through with it or the diet would not work for her. When her diets did not work out she would get really upset and try another diet. This method of dieting is common among most Americans today because commercialization is telling people that they will never be good enough unless they are slim. This is seen through the television and many ads that are placed in magazines. Sinc... ...as you keep it under control, dieting is not a bad thing. Pocek says in paragraph 7 of her essay that â€Å"losing weight lies in the power of our minds, not in the power of chemicals† (Pocek 167). Therefore, we have the power to keep our dieting under control. I am for dieting but when it comes to eating more when it says diet, or eating less to lose those numbers on that scale than the line of dieting has been crossed. Sometimes we are blind to seeing that line though, and cross over it daily because of the way America views people as always needing to be thinner. That image is causing thousands of people to feel they will never be good enough. Work Cited Pocek, Natascha. â€Å"The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place.† Good Reasons with Contemporary Arguments. Ed. Lester Faigley and Jack Selzer. Needham Heights, Massachusetts: Allyn & Bacon, 2001. 164-167. Eating Disorders and Image Essay -- Anorexia Bulimia Health Weight Los Eating Disorders and Image As humans on this planet we often think about what others think about our appearance. We often, in this society, look at a person through their characteristics such as: looks, height, clarity of skin, and by how fat or thin one appears to be. In the article, The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place, by Natascha Pocek, she states the fact that, in this society, we put a lot of emphasis on diets and appearing thin. From when we are children we tend to change our views according to the ways of man, and find ways to stay fit or to lose weight. With this constant loss of weight we tend to get into a hole of wanting to be thinner, and in my opinion that want leads to the attempts of so many girls developing some sort of eating disorder. That fact has struck America hard, and Americans try harder to be what the image of the world is telling them to be. This image is to be thinner and prettier than you could possibly imagine. Dieting is a good thing to a point, but when one crosses the line of going to eating disorders, then dieting is not just a way to lose a few pounds. This way of dieting is a death trap. In Pocek’s discussion, she describes her story about the fad diets that she has tried and how they ended up not working for her. Pocek went through period where she would try a diet and either would not be able to follow through with it or the diet would not work for her. When her diets did not work out she would get really upset and try another diet. This method of dieting is common among most Americans today because commercialization is telling people that they will never be good enough unless they are slim. This is seen through the television and many ads that are placed in magazines. Sinc... ...as you keep it under control, dieting is not a bad thing. Pocek says in paragraph 7 of her essay that â€Å"losing weight lies in the power of our minds, not in the power of chemicals† (Pocek 167). Therefore, we have the power to keep our dieting under control. I am for dieting but when it comes to eating more when it says diet, or eating less to lose those numbers on that scale than the line of dieting has been crossed. Sometimes we are blind to seeing that line though, and cross over it daily because of the way America views people as always needing to be thinner. That image is causing thousands of people to feel they will never be good enough. Work Cited Pocek, Natascha. â€Å"The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place.† Good Reasons with Contemporary Arguments. Ed. Lester Faigley and Jack Selzer. Needham Heights, Massachusetts: Allyn & Bacon, 2001. 164-167.

Comparative Analysis on Erp Vendors

School of Business and Economics Indiana University South Bend K507–Enterprise Resource Planning – 2008 Fall – ERP Project Comparative analysis of ERP vendors: SAP, Oracle, and Microsoft Koenraad Adams, Eric Piazzoni, and In-Saeng Suh [email  protected] com, [email  protected] com, [email  protected] edu Abstract This is a study of the comparative analysis on the enterprise resources planning (ERP) vendors, SAP, Oracle, and Microsoft. We research on functionalities, cost, features, and target market for each vendor. Keywords: ERP, SAP, Oracle, Microsoft, SME 1 School of Business and Economics Indiana University South Bend . Introduction ERP system is an integrated information system to support the business within different organizational parts of an enterprise. The leading global providers are SAP, Oracle, and Microsoft. ERP packages are designed to be customizable to concrete needs of an organization and to its legacy systems. The customization of ERP modu les for a concrete user is performed with special tools and using specific or standard programming languages. Due to already mentioned general ERP characteristics, customization and implementation usually require specialized knowledge and significant resources.SAP was founded on April 1, 1972, by five IBM employees. It developed its first product (financial accounting software) in close cooperation with its first customer. The company grew initially around ERP and solidified its market leadership by being a pioneer in the move from mainframe to client-server computing with its R/3 ERP solution introduced in the 1990s. From there, SAP expanded into a much broader set of applications for other functions in the enterprise: customer relationship management (CRM), supply chain management (SCM), product life-cycle management (PLM), and supplier relationship management (SRM).By bundling and integrating these applications, SAP became known for high-quality, comprehensive enterprise solution s, which SAP or SAP-trained SI consultants would then customize. Oracle was founded in 1977 as Software Development Laboratories. The first Oracle program was written in assembly language, ran on PDP-11 and with 128k of memory. The software was never â€Å"officially† released though. Version 2 which was released in 1979 was the first to be released. The company had changed its name by then to Relational Software Inc. Business grew and by 1982 they had changed their name again, this time to Oracle and in 1987 the company went public.Today, Oracle remains one of the leaders in the ERP industry. A few of the firsts Oracle brought us are: ? The first commercially-available SQL-based database (1979) 2 School of Business and Economics ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Indiana University South Bend The first database to support symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) (1983) The first distributed database (1986) The first database product tested to comply with the ANSI SQL standard (1993) The first 64-bit data base (1995) The first web database (1997) The first proprietary RDBMS to become available on Linux (1998) The first database to support XML (1999)Microsoft Dynamics AX is a line of business management solutions that provides financial management, business intelligence, human resource management, project management, customer relationship management (CRM), manufacturing, supply chain management solutions, collaborative workspace, and configuration and development. The Information Technology views quadrants Gartner Consulting produces each year as a type of benchmark to see where each provider stacks up against their competition. In 2007, Gartner released the quadrant on the left.While many will argue that Gartner‘s methods are too simplistic and don‘t give a truly accurate view of what the decision makers face, it is still a good place to start when comparing products. Gartner ranks venders in two areas, Completeness of Vision and Ability to Execute. Using various qualifie rs based on the rankings, the solutions are places in one of four quadrants: ? Leaders score higher on both criteria; the ability to execute and completeness of vision. Typically larger industry developed businesses with vision and potential for expansion 3 School of Business and Economics ?Indiana University South Bend Challengers score higher the ability to execute and lower on the completeness of vision. Typically larger, settled businesses with minimal future plans for that industry ? ? Visionaries score lower on the ability to execute and higher on the completeness of vision. Typically smaller companies that are unloading their planned potential Niche players score lower on both criteria: the ability to execute and completeness of vision. Typically market fledglings In 2007, both Oracle and SAP were placed towards the bottom of the Challengers Quadrant.This would indicate they have the ability to execute, though maybe not that well as they are towards the bottom of the quadrant , and they don‘t seem to have a great deal of vision. But is that all there is to look at? In this study, we focus on functionalities and features, the total cost of ownership, and target market of the ERP vendors: SAP, Oracle, and Microsoft Dynamics. 2. Functionalities and Features 2. 1 SAP R/3 SAP R/3 is a client-server based application, utilizing a 3-tiered model, the presentation layer, the application layer, and the database layer.SAP R/3 is structured using its own proprietary language called ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming). ABAP, or ABAP/4 is a fourth generation language (4GL), geared towards the creation of simple, yet powerful programs. SAP R/3 also offers a complete development environment where developers can either modify existing SAP code to modify existing functionality or develop their own functions, whether reports or complete transactional systems within the SAP framework. ABAP's main interaction with the database system is via Open SQL state ments.These statements allow a developer to query, update, or delete information from the database. Advanced topics include GUI development and advanced integration with other systems. With the introduction of ABAP Objects, ABAP provides the opportunity to develop applications with object-oriented programming. SAP ERP redefines enterprise resource planning – delivering role-based access to crucial data, 4 School of Business and Economics Indiana University South Bend applications, and analytical tools. With SAP ERP, we can efficiently deal with business challenges in the following areas: ?End-user service delivery – Ensure that employees can readily access the critical data, applications, and analytical tools they need to perform all their job functions efficiently and effectively while also supporting a shared-services organizational model for human resources, finances, and other key processes. SAP ERP offers role-based access, self-services, and employee interaction center support through SAP Manager Self-Service, SAP Employee Self-Service, Duet and employee interaction center support. Plus, SAP Mobile Time and Travel enables employees in the field to report time and expenses offline. SAP ERP Financials – Ensure compliance and predictability of business performance – so the organization can gain a deeper financial insight across the enterprise and tighten control of finances. SAP ERP Financials automates financial and management accounting and financial supply chain management. The solution also provides rigorous support for corporate-governance mandates such as Basel II and Sarbanes-Oxley. ? SAP ERP Human Capital Management – Optimize the HR processes with a complete, integrated, and global human capital management (HCM) solution.SAP ERP provides this HCM solution for organizations of all sizes and in all industries. You can maximize the potential of your workforce, while supporting innovation, growth, and flexibility. The SAP ERP HCM solution automates talent management, core HR processes, and workforce deployment – enabling increased efficiency and better compliance with changing global and local regulations. ? SAP ERP Operations – Manage end-to-end procurement and logistics business processes for complete business cycles – from self-service requisitioning to lexible invoicing and payment – optimizing the flow of materials. SAP ERP Operations also helps discrete and process manufacturers manage the entire life cycle of product development and manufacturing. The solution automates the entire manufacturing process and reduces costs by controlling and adapting the 5 School of Business and Economics Indiana University South Bend manufacturing process in real time – and increases customer satisfaction by delivering higher-quality products. ?SAP ERP Corporate Services – Helps organizations manage their most costintensive corporate functions by supporting and stre amlining administrative processes in the areas of real estate; enterprise assets; project portfolios; corporate travel; environment, health, and safety compliance; quality; and global trade services. SAP ERP Corporate Services is a complete and integrated solution that maximizes transparency and control, while reducing financial and environmental risks and enhancing safety of employees. ?Performance management – Support the entire life cycle of performance management, delivering real-time, personalized measurements and metrics to improve business insight and decision making. SAP ERP supports financial analytics, operations analytics, and workforce analytics, as well as consolidated financial and statutory reporting; planning, budgeting, and forecasting, strategy management and scorecards, and risk management. 2. 2 Oracle An Oracle database system is a platform with at least one application running n it to access and process the data. Data is stored logically in the form of ta ble spaces and physically in the form of data files. The recommended structure for an Oracle database is the institute RAC–Real Application Clusters. Multiple instances, usually on different servers, attach to a central storage array. This offers better performance, scalability and redundancy for the users. There are various versions of the Oracle database management software. In addition, Oracle divides it‘s product into various editions to track marketing and sales. Enterprise Edition – The full suite of performance, scalability, security and reliability stored on either a clustered or single server. Runs on all standards and available with a large number of applications. ? ? Standard Edition – Provides Enterprise level functions for mid-sized organizations. Sold through Oracles 400 Value Added Resellers. Standard Edition One – low end—minimum five users—entry level package. 6 School of Business and Economics ? ? ? Indiana University South Bend Express Edition – primarily intended for students to learn how to code applications for Oracle.It is small, free and his limited capacity. Oracle Personal Edition – ? High end? functionality but sold to single-use developers. Oracle Database Lite – designed to run on mobile devises. Though this looks like a large number of options, there are really only three true choices and they are based on the size (number of seats) of the organization. Of the other three, 2 are for developers and the other just provides access to database information from a mobile devise. Oracle does, however, offer some other ? flavors? to offer as well.Oracle has grown dramatically mostly through acquisitions. Their product lines include. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? PeopleSoft Enterprise Siebel JD Edwards Hyperion Agile AutoVue Fusion Not counting the other products (PeopleSoft, JD Edwards etc. ) Oracle Business Suites alone have over 140 different applications which can be installed on the ir platform. These include: ? Enterprise Performance Management – A tool which aides in the executive decision making process by supporting a broad range of strategic, financial and operational management processes. Business Process Outsourcing – an application which seems to work as an extranet and allows organizations track the non-core business processes which have been outsourced. ? Customer Relationship Management—tracks what is going on in the sales department. Allows other departments (finance, production) know what they can expect. It will also allow the marketing groups know how effective campaigns have been. 7 School of Business and Economics ? Indiana University South Bend Customer Self-Service Solutions—allow customer place orders themselves without the supplier having to have someone enter the order.This reduces the risk of order entry errors. Production or warehouse groups receive the order right away and can act on it much quicker so turn a round takes less time. ? ? Financial Management Solutions—provides and tracks data for finance operations, governance, risk, compliance, and performance management. Human Capital Management – ? tracks all aspects of the Human Capital needs, from core human resource (HR) transactional functionality through service automation and delivery to complete enterprise talent management solutions.? 1 It provides the needed resources and has proven to reduce the costs. ? Procurement – Insures that the supply chain stays on top of productions needs and maintains the most cost effective method of doing so. Project Management—maintains record of current projects statuses and communicates with those needing the information in order to insure projects are proceeding as they should. ? Transportation Suite—insures shipments reach their destination as well as, ? lowers transportation costs, improves customer service and asset utilization, and provides flexible, globa l fulfillment options.? 2 These are just a handful of the applications available.Essentially, whatever the need, Oracle has a way to meet it. 2. 3 Microsoft Dynamics Financial Management Microsoft Dynamics AX accounting and finance solutions help you track and analyze business information. You can easily manage your general ledger, payables, receivables, inventory, sales process, purchasing, analytical accounting, cash flow, bank reconciliations, fixed assets, and collections. 1 â€Å"Human Capital Management Solutions. † Oracle, The World's Largest Enterprise Software Company. 19 Nov. 2008 . 2 â€Å"Transportation Management. † Oracle, The World's Largest Enterprise Software Company. 9 Nov. 2008 . 8 School of Business and Economics Business Intelligence and Reporting Indiana University South Bend Microsoft Dynamics allows you to manage budgets, create and consolidate reports and look for trends and relationships in any part of the business. Human Resource Management M icrosoft Dynamics allows the management of applicant and employee information: payroll and benefits, skills mapping, recruitment and employee registration, and skills development. In addition the system helps you ensure your organization is meeting government reporting requirements accurately and on time.Project Management Project management and accounting applications allow project managers, accountants and executives to improve their project profitability and adapt to changing conditions. In addition manage resources, forecast costs and budgets, track time, and expenses. Lastly, manage contracts and billing. Customer Relationship Management Customer relationship management solutions enable management of customer groups, create and launch marketing campaigns, track customer activity, manage sales and after sales.It also enables automation of many day to day tasks for sales, customer service, field service, call center, and marketing professionals. Manufacturing It provides an integ rated suite of manufacturing applications that give you the tools to plan, manage, and execute a top of the line manufacturing operation. The manufacturing process consists of product configuration, scheduling and shop floor, and supply and capacity requirements planning. Supply Chain Management This improves inventory management, management of single or multi-site warehouses, demand planning, order processing, and online collaboration with suppliers.Collaborative Workspace This extends the reach of business applications, information and process to employees, customers, and partners with role based delivery through a single web-based portal. Configuration and Development 9 School of Business and Economics Indiana University South Bend Customization capabilities enable programmers and system administrators to add new functionality and modify existing functionality quickly and with limited coding. 3. The total cost of ERP ownership Total cost of ownership (TCO) is a significant factor in ERP strategies and decisions.Yet while both end-users and ERP vendors tend to talk about lower TCO and many vendors claim it as a point of differentiation. Three different elements of total cost associated with ERP implementations are actually important: ? ? ? Amount spent on software Amount spent of external services Internal costs Since as the company grows, the number of users goes up, along with the total cost of software and services, one can naturally expect a correlation between size of the ERP deployment and costs. As shown in Table 1, as the number of users goes up, the total cost of software and services also rises.Table 1: Average Software and Services Costs by Company Size Company Size Under $50M $50M – $100M $100M – $250M $250M – $500M $500M – $1B $1B – $5B Over $5B Average # of Users 38 92 195 344 475 2187 3365 Average Software $176,597 $482,941 $695,395 $985,714 $1,364,286 $2,360,577 $2,652,500 Average Service $126,022 $351,374 $ 581,090 $655,263 $1,110,000 $2,081,000 $2,102,778 Average 3 years Maintenance $81,676 $247,554 $443,066 $346,639 $617,735 $1,479,208 $1,163,531 Average total cost $384,295 $1,081,869 $1,719,551 $1,987,616 $3,092,021 $5,920,785 $5,918,809Source: Aberdeen Group, July 2007 Table 2 displays software and service costs by vendor, since the ratio of services to software costs is indicative of both ease of use and ease of implementation. We just adopted a few major vendors, Infor, Lawson, QAD, SAP and Oracle. Table 2: Software and Service Costs by Vendor 10 School of Business and Economics ERP vendor Infor Lawson QAD SAP Oracle Average Software $703,261 $482,500 $633,871 $1,276,667 $1,929,167 Average Service $494,444 $455,556 $463,158 $1,115,323 $1,694,231Indiana University South Bend Average # of ERP modules 11. 0 10. 8 10. 2 11. 9 11. 5 Average Software + Service per user $9,843 $10,521 $9,741 $11,381 $16,882 Average total costs per user $12,773 $11,826 $12,161 $15,067 $20,983 Source: Abe rdeen Group, July 2007 Functionality and TCO remain significant factors on ERP strategies and decisions. The depth and breadth of functionality deployed, along with the cost of software, services, and on-going maintenance combine to provide a price performance of ERP.Table 3 shows the ERP usage and total cost per user per percentage Point of functionality used by three vendors, SAP, Oracle, and Microsoft Dynamics. Table 3: ERP Usage and Costs per User per Percentage of Functionality Used ERP Vendor SAP Oracle Microsoft Dynamics Average # of Modules Used 12. 4 11. 3 10. 6 Average % of Functionality Used 69. 1% 72. 4% 73. 2% Average # of Users 834 1365 116 Software + Service + 3 Yrs Maint. $702 $513 $607 Source: Aberdeen Group, July 2007Cost Areas of Microsoft Dynamics AX The initial average license price per user for Microsoft Dynamics AX is $3,000. According to Nucleus Research, Inc the average initial license price for a Microsoft Dynamics AX customer was $571,234 with a low of $50 ,000 and a high of $2. 55 million. The consulting average expenditure for Microsoft Dynamics AX deployment was $1,169,745 with a low of $50,000 and a high of $6. 8million. The median expenditure for consulting was $600,000.Pertaining to those customers that made hardware investment, the average hardware costs were $180,188 while the median cost was $84,750 (Nucleus Research, 7). Those companies that invested in the internal personnel for deployment and 11 School of Business and Economics Indiana University South Bend ongoing support for the ERP solution the average personnel costs were $346,667 and the average annual ongoing cost was $192,000. Lastly, training costs on average were $141,375 with one hundred and ninety-five users, twenty-nine hours of training time at a cost of $25 per hour. Table 1.The Average 3-Year Cost of an Microsoft Dynamics AX Deployment Average $571,234 $1,169,745 $180,188 Data Components Average initial license price Average standalone consulting expenditure of customers interviewed Average hardware expenditure of customers interviewed Average number of personnel needed to deploy:4 Average time of deployment:13 months Assumed fully loaded cost of an employee:$80,000 Average number of users: 195 Average training time: 29 hours Assumed fully loaded hourly cost of an end user: $25 Average initial cost of deployment Average maintenance rate: 16% Average initial license price.Average number of FTEs required to support Microsoft Dynamics AX: 2. 4 Assumed fully loaded cost of a support FTE:$80,000 Average 3-year costs of software, consulting, hardware, personnel, training and maintenance. Software Consulting Hardware Personnel $346,667 Training Total Ongoing Costs Software maintenance Personnel $141,375 $2,409,207 $274,192 $576,000 Total 3-Year Cost $3,259,399 Table 2.The Median 3-Year Cost of an Microsoft Dynamics AX Deployment Initial Costs Average Data Components Software $168,000 Median initial license price Median standalone consulting C onsulting $600,000 expenditure of customers interviewed Median hardware expenditure of Hardware $84,750 customers interviewed Median number of personnel needed Personnel $220,000 to deploy:3 Average time of deployment:11 12 School of Business and EconomicsIndiana University South Bend months Assumed fully loaded cost of an employee:$80,000 Median number of users: 120 Median training time: 24 hours Assumed fully loaded hourly cost of an end user: $25 Median initial cost of deployment Median annual cost of license: 15% Median initial license price: $168,000 Median number of FTEs required to support Microsoft Dynamics AX: 1. 25 Assumed fully loaded cost of a support FTE:$80,000 Median 3-year costs of software, consulting, hardware, personnel, training and maintenance. Training Total Ongoing Costs Software maintenance 72,000 $1,144,750 $75,600 Personnel $300,000 Total 3-Year Cost $1,269,950 3. Target market SAP serves 75% of the Fortune Global 1000, but less than 1% of Fortune Global mi llion. The small and medium enterprise (SME) market is a huge opportunity. SAP views SMEs as its main potential source of growth. As of summer 2006, SAP led the midmarket segment, but to reach its goal of having 45% – 50% of order entry from SME customers by 2010, SAP has to address the two most important elements of an SME solution: Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and ease-of-use.SAP‘s offering has higher up-front outlays but lower maintenance rates. SAP aggressively expands SME market via the SAP NetWeaver platform strategy toward the goal of doubling SAP‘s market cap by 2010. It would probably be safe to say Oracle targets anyone interested in purchasing an ERP solution. That wouldn‘t be entirely accurate. It‘s obvious that Oracle has achieved it‘s success by building for the large Enterprise organizations but they‘ve also been successful due to their focus on their platform.Enterprise solutions will probably remain a staple target for the m. However, if you look at the products they are now producing making it easier for smaller organizations to get introduced to their product, it‘s an obvious sign they are seeking more small to medium businesses in their portfolio. The 13 School of Business and Economics Indiana University South Bend Standard Edition One with a price of $180 per user is a sign of that. They also have a suite of ? out of the box‘ applications ready to bolt on once the server is in place.Get the business used to the Oracle environment when they are small at a competitive price, then sell more licenses as your software helps them grow seems to be their motto. I can‘t say that‘s a bad one. At the end of the day, selecting the best solution comes down to preference. Obviously, each solution has strengths and weaknesses. But how do you select a solution when one provider is strong in one area you need while another is strong in another? Additionally, there are more solutions coming on the scene.Smaller companies who may be able to provide a different type of service than what the biggest players offer. Another solution many will consider in the future, especially with the current economic situation, is the growing Software as a Service trend. 3 SAP has already got a jump on the market with their ByDesign solution. At the end of the day, it will have to come down to what solution works best for the business making the choice. 3 Maxcer, Chris. â€Å"Is SaaS ERP a viable model for manufacturing? † Manufacturing ERP software and management – SearchManufacturingERP. om. 9 Sep. 2008. 23 Nov. 2008 14 School of Business and Economics Indiana University South Bend References â€Å"Bit on Gartner‘s Magic Quadrants and 2007 report for ERP Vendors† OracleApps Epicenter. 11 Nov. 2008 . â€Å"Compare ERP System/ERP Software Solutions. † Technology Evaluation Centers. 12 Nov. 2008 . Farber, Dan. â€Å"Disruptions in the software fabric. â €  Builder AU – By developers for developers. 25 Nov. 2008 . â€Å"Gartner Consulting Web Site.. † Gartner Consulting. 20 Nov. 2008 . Greenbaum, Joshua. â€Å"SAP beats Oracle? Oracle surrounding SAP?Microsoft raking in new customers?. † ZDNet Blogs. 20 July 2007. 25 Nov. 2008 . Hagiu, Andrei, Pai-Ling Yin, Daniela Beyersdorfer, and Vincent Dessain. â€Å"SAP: Industry Transformation . † Harvard Business Journal N/A (2006): 28p. â€Å"Human Capital Management Solutions. † Oracle, The World's Largest Enterprise Software Company. 19 Nov. 2008 . Jutras, Cindy. ?The Total Cost of ERP Ownership. † Aberdeen Group. 17 Oct. 2006. 10 Nov. 2008 . Jutras, Cindy. â€Å"Aberdeen Group: The Cost of ERP Functionality. † Aberdeen Group. 12 July 2007. 10 Nov. 2008 . Jutras, Cindy. The Total Cost of ERP Ownership in Mid-Size Companies. † Aberdeen Group. 12 July 2007. 10 Nov. 2008 . â€Å"Magic Quadrant for ERP Service Providers, North America, 2007. † Gartner Custom Newsletter Programs. 11 Nov. 2008 . 15 School of Business and Economics Indiana University South Bend Maxcer, Chris. â€Å"Is SaaS ERP a viable model for manufacturing? † Manufacturing ERP software and management – SearchManufacturingERP. com. 9 Sep. 2008. 23 Nov. 2008 â€Å"Microsoft Dynamics: Business management, financial and accounting software solutions (ERP, enterprise resource management). Microsoft Corporation. 25 Nov. 2008 . â€Å"Oracle ERP Benefits and Disadvantages. † ITtoolbox Oracle Knowledge Base. 13 Nov. 2008 . Samuals, Mark. â€Å"Making best use of Gartner's reports – 17 Apr 2008 – Computing. † Insight for IT leaders – business technology news, analysis, reviews and jobs Computing. 12 Nov. 2008 . â€Å"The Real ROI from Microsoft Dynamics AX | Nucleus Research. † ROI Reports, ROI Case Studies, ROI Tools | Nucleus Research. 25 Nov. 2008 . â€Å"Transportation Management. † Oracle, The World's Largest Enterprise Software Company. 19 Nov. 2008 . 16